Cytokine production and the effects of oclacitinib in three canine mast cell tumour cell lines

BACKGROUND: Cytokines are capable of manipulating the tumour microenvironment supporting tumour growth. Interleukin (IL)-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, shown to be produced by various tumours, can negatively affect prognosis. The production of cytokines by canine mast cell tumours (MCT) has not been reported. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: We hypothesise that MCT cell lines produce IL-8 and/or MCP-1 in addition to other cytokines, and that their production can be modulated by the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor oclacitinib. This pilot study aims to investigate the production of IL-8, MCP-1 and nine additional cytokines in three canine MCT cell lines, and determine the effects of oclacitinib on their production. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Reverse transcriptase-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-8 and MCP-1 mRNA in three MCT cell lines (CoMS, CM-MC1 and VI-MC1). The supernatant of the cell lines was evaluated for the presence of 11 cytokines [IL-2, -6, -7, -8, -10, -15 and -18, and MCP-1, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α] by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IC(50) of oclacitinib was identified for each cell line. ELISA was performed again to compare changes in IL-8 and MCP-1 in treated cell lines versus untreated controls. RESULTS: Interleukin-8 and MCP-1 were produced by all MCT cell lines tested. Oclacitinib significantly decreased the release of IL-8 in the CoMS cell line and of MCP-1 in CoMS and VI-MC1 in clinically relevant concentrations. Furthermore, oclacitinib significantly decreased the proliferation of all three cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Interleukin-8 and MCP-1 are produced by canine MCT cell lines. Modulation of their production is possible with oclacitinib.

Authors: C. H. de Mello Souza, K. Shiomitsu and B. Hwang Title: Cytokine production and the effects of oclacitinib in three canine mast cell tumour cell lines Full source: Vet Dermatol, 2022,Vol 33, Iss 2, pp 159-e46
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Abstract	Source
BACKGROUND: Cytokines are capable of manipulating the tumour microenvironment supporting tumour growth. Interleukin (IL)-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, shown to be produced by various tumours, can negatively affect prognosis. The production of cytokines by canine mast cell tumours (MCT) has not been reported. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: We hypothesise that MCT cell lines produce IL-8 and/or MCP-1 in addition to other cytokines, and that their production can be modulated by the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor oclacitinib. This pilot study aims to investigate the production of IL-8, MCP-1 and nine additional cytokines in three canine MCT cell lines, and determine the effects of oclacitinib on their production. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Reverse transcriptase-PCR was used to detect the expression of IL-8 and MCP-1 mRNA in three MCT cell lines (CoMS, CM-MC1 and VI-MC1). The supernatant of the cell lines was evaluated for the presence of 11 cytokines [IL-2, -6, -7, -8, -10, -15 and -18, and MCP-1, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α] by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IC(50) of oclacitinib was identified for each cell line. ELISA was performed again to compare changes in IL-8 and MCP-1 in treated cell lines versus untreated controls. RESULTS: Interleukin-8 and MCP-1 were produced by all MCT cell lines tested. Oclacitinib significantly decreased the release of IL-8 in the CoMS cell line and of MCP-1 in CoMS and VI-MC1 in clinically relevant concentrations. Furthermore, oclacitinib significantly decreased the proliferation of all three cell lines. CONCLUSIONS: Interleukin-8 and MCP-1 are produced by canine MCT cell lines. Modulation of their production is possible with oclacitinib.